The historical course of the Romanian post-war economy must be considered in the context of the consequences of the war and of the internal and external conditions characteristic of the stage, more or less favorable to Romania, as the case may be. The aftermath of the Second World War affected the evolution of both national and world economies, triggering changes in economic life and world politics. There were concerns for the economic recovery and acceleration of the economic and social development, materialized in actions aimed at the creation of some international organizations and institutions with the role of ensuring the economic ties between states but also of  development incentive. The paper aims to highlight the consequences of the Second World War in Romania, both in economic and social terms, the losses recorded during the war, the given regulations and the effects of their application in the efforts to restore the economy.